History
Rationale
At Holy Trinity C of E Primary School, our vision is to bring history to life by immersing children in meaningful learning experiences that help them understand how the past shapes the world they live in today. Through engaging teaching, inspiring enrichment and exploration of diverse civilisations, we empower pupils to develop a strong sense of identity and their place within the wider community.
Intent
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At Holy Trinity, our history curriculum is designed to follow the National Curriculum programmes of study in Key Stages 1 and 2, while building pupils’ knowledge and skills progressively in small, well‑sequenced steps. Our intent is to ensure that every child develops a secure understanding of the past, recognises how history shapes the present, and builds a growing sense of identity and place in the world. Children’s Journey Across the SchoolFrom the moment children begin their historical learning at Holy Trinity, they follow a clear, structured journey that deepens their knowledge, strengthens their skills and broadens their understanding year by year. Chronological Understanding In Key Stage 1, children begin by sequencing events in their own lives and exploring the vocabulary of time. As they progress through the school, they develop the ability to place historical periods and themes on a timeline. By the end of Key Stage 2, pupils confidently position new learning in relation to prior studies, demonstrating a secure grasp of chronology. Historical Knowledge and Enquiry Children build a strong bank of historical knowledge, enabling them to compare past and present and recognise how people and civilisations have changed over time. As they move through the school, they develop the ability to investigate not only what happened, but why events occurred and what impact they had on individuals, society and future developments. Use of Evidence Pupils learn to question the reliability of historical sources, examining both primary and secondary evidence. They compare different accounts of events, identify contrasting viewpoints and explore the distinction between fact and fiction. This supports their ability to think critically and draw informed conclusions. Curiosity and Critical Thinking |
At Holy Trinity, we strongly encourage children to ask thoughtful, meaningful questions about the past. Through guided enquiry, they use evidence to build a picture of historical events and make connections to life today. This helps them understand how the past influences the present and empowers them as reflective, informed members of their community.
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Implementation Early Years In the Early Years, children begin developing their understanding of the past and present by exploring events within their own lives and the lives of family members and people familiar to them. This is achieved through meaningful conversations about significant personal experiences, storytelling, and opportunities to show curiosity about the lives of others. These early foundations support children in recognising change over time and understanding their place within the world. Key Stages 1 and 2 As children move into Key Stages 1 and 2, they follow a topic‑based approach through the Cornerstones Curriculum, a broad and balanced framework designed to build both knowledge and skills progressively across year groups. Each topic provides structured opportunities for historical enquiry, chronological understanding and the development of key disciplinary skills. Memorable Experiences Every new topic in the Cornerstones Curriculum begins with a memorable experience designed to spark curiosity and immerse children in their learning. These experiences may include school trips, visiting experts, workshops or practical simulations. The immersive starting points help anchor new learning in memorable, real‑world experiences that strengthen pupils’ engagement and conceptual understanding. Outdoor Learning and Educational Visits Outdoor learning is embedded across all year groups, providing children with meaningful opportunities to explore history beyond the classroom environment. Additionally, a number of year groups participate in trips linked directly to their history topics, enriching their understanding of people, places and events studied in school. |
Year 1 – Memory Box, Moon Zoom and Bright Lights and Big Cities
Memory Box
During the autumn term, the children take a trip to the past to discover what life was like when they were born. They learn how babies change and grow over time and think about their own early childhood experiences. Using photos and objects from the past, they recall special events such as weddings and christenings. The children talk about their families and share happy memories of people or pets who are no longer alive, helping them understand the idea of remembrance and change over time.
Learning about the days, weeks and months of the year helps them work out how long it is until their next birthday. The children also explore how objects from the past were used and enjoy playing games, singing songs and learning dances from bygone days.
Moon Zoom
During the summer term, the children travel through space to learn about the Solar System. They use books, videos and photographs to find out about the first lunar landing and learn about the astronauts who ventured into space. This topic encourages curiosity about scientific discovery and the wider universe.
Bright Lights, Big Cities: The Great Fire of London
The children then explore the events of the Great Fire of London, learning when, where and how it happened and why it spread so quickly. They also learn about Queen Elizabeth II, discussing her monarchy and the important responsibilities she held. To celebrate her long and remarkable reign, the children are invited to a special royal garden party — a fun and memorable way to bring their learning to life.
Year 2- Towers, tunnels and turrets, Street Detectives and Land Ahoy
Towers, Tunnels and Turrets
During the autumn term, the children learn about the different parts of a castle and describe how these structures have changed over time. Using a wide range of materials, they design and build their own model castles and test the strength and stability of their creations. Maps and photographs help them explore some of the tallest buildings and longest tunnels in the world. The topic concludes with a study of the remarkable Victorian engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel and his groundbreaking achievement.
Street Detectives
Within the Street Detectives topic, the children investigate photographs to spot similarities and differences between houses and shops from the past and those of today. They learn about the history of our school and speak to former pupils to gain first-hand insight into how it has changed over time.
Land Ahoy!
During the Land Ahoy! Topic, the children learn about significant historical figures including Captain James Cook. They explore their adventures, bravery and contributions to history through stories, videos and simple research.
Year 3- Gods and Mortals and Tribal Tales
Ancient Greece
During this topic, the children learn about Ancient Greece and the Greek gods. They explore the gods and their characteristics mainly through Greek myths. The children also enjoy a visit from a Greek theatre group and take part in a themed Greek Day to deepen their understanding of the period.
Stone Age to Iron Age
During the spring term, the children study the Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age. They investigate what daily life was like for people living in each period and learn about the challenges they faced, including the epic battles and conflicts that shaped early human history.
Year 4- I am Warrior and Traders and Raiders.
Celts and Romans
During this term, the children are divided into two warring groups: the Celts and the Romans. They research both cultures and compare Britain, the home of the Celts, with Rome, the centre of the Roman Empire.
Traders and Raiders
As part of the Traders and Raiders topic, the children begin by designing and making sturdy boats capable of withstanding the ocean’s fearsome waves. They write reports from the viewpoint of an onlooker who witnessed the Saxons’ landing and investigate key dates from this period.
Using online maps, the children plot the locations of Roman shore forts and create their own sketch maps. They learn about the Legend of King Arthur and write character portraits of Alfred the Great. The topic also explores the everyday lives of the Saxons and Vikings, giving children a deeper understanding of how these groups lived, worked and travelled.
Year 5 – Egyptians, Peasants, Princes and Pestilence and Off with her head.
Ancient Egypt
The children learn about the fascinating — and sometimes gruesome — process of mummification, exploring how and why the Ancient Egyptians carried it out. They then write a report about Howard Carter’s famous discovery of Tutankhamun’s tomb and use a range of historical sources to research what was found inside. They also consider an ethical question: Was it right to open Tutankhamun’s tomb, or should it have remained undisturbed?
Their learning inspires them to write Egyptian mystery stories and non-fiction texts, using the internet to gather information and create fact files. The children study Egyptian artefacts in detail, focusing on symbols, craftsmanship and design features. Through analysing historical sources, they develop their understanding of the Pharaohs, Egyptian gods, and ancient religious beliefs.
The Black Death
The children use a range of source materials to investigate the symptoms of the Black Death. Their geography skills help them understand how the plague reached Britain and why it spread so rapidly. They learn about the different social classes of the time, explore the causes and consequences of the Peasants’ Revolt, take part in a mock battle, and discover what life was like for a medieval knight.
The Tudors
Using online research, the children write biographies of influential figures from the Tudor period and use historical sources to create a Tudor timeline. Tudor portraits inspire them to create their own royal-style paintings. Their geography skills support comparisons between maps of Tudor London and present-day London, and they plot Anne Boleyn’s journey to the Tower of London and her execution site. Internet research helps them learn more about Henry VIII, his marriages, and his break from the Roman Catholic Church.
Year 6- Hola Mexico, WW1, Coal Mining and The Victorians
Hola Mexico
During this topic, children read Mayan myths and legends and then write their own. Using maps, they locate Mexico and explore its natural features. They also investigate what daily life is like in Mexico today and how it has changed over time.
Fallen Fields
Known as “the war to end all wars,” the First World War was a conflict that had a devastating effect on millions of people across the world. Children investigate who started this global tragedy, what life was like for families on the home front as they waited for news of loved ones who were missing in action, how soldiers endured the terrible conditions in the trenches, and how a fragile peace was finally achieved.
Firedamp and Davy Lamps
In this project, children explore the history of coal mining, including mining strikes, their effects on miners, families and communities, and the legacy and future of coal mining. This project links closely to the Year 6 residential trip to Shropshire.
Revolutions
During this topic, the children study various aspects of Victorian life. They begin by learning about Queen Victoria before investigating the effects of industrial changes, especially factory life. The children compare life in towns with life in the countryside during this era, and explore key developments in transport and how these influenced the lives of both rich and poor. Finally, they discover what school life was like for Victorian children from different backgrounds.
Impact
By the time children leave Holy Trinity, they will have developed a secure and coherent understanding of local, British and world history, underpinned by strong chronological awareness. They will be able to place historical events, periods and significant individuals in context and explain how these shape both the past and the present.
Through a carefully sequenced curriculum and rich, memorable experiences, pupils will:
- Demonstrate secure historical knowledge, recalling key events, civilisations, themes and concepts with increasing accuracy and confidence.
- Show well‑developed enquiry skills, asking thoughtful, purposeful questions and using evidence to reach reasoned conclusions about the past.
- Interpret and evaluate historical sources, recognising the difference between fact and opinion, and understanding how and why interpretations of the past can vary.
- Apply disciplinary vocabulary accurately, enabling them to communicate their understanding clearly using appropriate historical language.
- Make meaningful connections between different periods of history, understanding continuity and change, cause and consequence, and similarities and differences across civilisations.
- Recognise the relevance of history to their own lives and the world around them, understanding how past events influence present‑day society, culture and values.
- Develop curiosity, critical thinking and perspective, equipping them with transferable skills that support future learning across the curriculum.
As a result, children leave Holy Trinity as reflective, knowledgeable and inquisitive learners who appreciate the complexity of the past and are prepared to engage thoughtfully with the ever‑changing world in which they live.
The History Curriculum and Provision of Pupils with SEND
At Holy Trinity, we are committed to ensuring that all pupils, including those with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND), access a high‑quality and fully inclusive history curriculum. We recognise that pupils with SEND may require carefully planned support so they can develop historical knowledge, understanding and skills in a meaningful and achievable way.
Our curriculum is designed with inclusivity in mind. Teachers adapt planning, resources and delivery to ensure that pupils with SEND can participate fully in lessons and make progress at their own level. This may include:
- Breaking learning into small, manageable steps
- Using visual prompts, timelines, images and concrete artefacts
- Reducing cognitive load through structured tasks and clear modelling
- Pre‑teaching key vocabulary and concepts
- Providing alternative ways to record learning, such as oral responses, assisted writing, graphic organisers or digital tools
- Offering additional adult support where needed
Scaffolding Historical Skills
Pupils with SEND are supported to develop core historical skills—including sequencing events, making comparisons, asking questions, interpreting evidence and forming simple conclusions—at a pace suited to their needs. Teachers ensure that scaffolding is gradually reduced as pupils become more confident and independent.
Adaptive Teaching and Differentiation
Learning is adapted to ensure all pupils can succeed without reducing challenge or ambition. This may involve:
- Differentiating the complex sources
- Providing simplified texts alongside rich, accessible narratives
- Using chunked questioning to support understanding of cause, effect, similarity and difference
- Allowing additional processing time
- Using repetition and retrieval practice to strengthen long‑term memory
Engagement Through Experience
Practical, hands‑on experiences—such as artefact handling, workshops, role‑play, trips and immersive activities—are particularly beneficial for pupils with SEND. These experiences provide concrete learning opportunities, support recall and allow pupils to build understanding beyond written tasks.
Collaboration and Support
Teachers work closely with the SENDCo to ensure appropriate support strategies are in place. Provision is informed by individual pupil needs, as outlined in Support Plans and EHCPs, and is regularly reviewed to monitor progress and impact. Communication with parents and carers ensures a shared understanding of how best to support each child.